This post really is worth a second look:
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=208200.msg2182597#msg2182597
My general preference is to error towards being more decentralized. There are three reasons for this
Today, "decentralization" is apparently an essential core value of Bitcoin.
Just a few short years ago, however, it was merely Gregory Maxwell's personal preference which he felt the need to justify, apparently because it wasn't obviously a core value back then.
(1) We can build a multitude of systems of different kinds— decentralized and centralized ones— on top of a strongly decenteralized system but we can't really build something more decentralized on top of something which is less decentralized. The core of Bitcoin sets the maximum amount of decentralization possible in our ecosystem.
What does this actually mean? I'm pretty sure Bitcoin itself is built on top of a fairly centralized last mile ISP network combined with some not-particular-decentralized interconnections, so
Since Bitcoin (apparently) exists as a more-decentralized network built on top of a less-decentralized lower level network, this statement doesn't appear to be true in general.
This argument is still cited today.
(2) Decentralization is what makes what we're doing unique and valuable compared to the alternatives. If decentralization is not very important to you... you'd likely already be much happier with the USD and paypal.
Well, other than the monetary properties of a limited currency supply.
Maybe he and his friends don't value hard money economics, but it's premature to say the least to say this his case is proven in terms of larger Bitcoin adoption.
How do we really know that decentralization is more important than hard money? Just because he says so?
Again. this argument is still cited today.
(3) Regardless of the block size we need to have robust alternatives for transacting in BTC in order to improve privacy, instant confirmation, lower costs for low value transactions, permit very tiny femtopayments, and to (optionally!) better support reversible transactions. ... and once we do the global blockchain throughput rate is less of an issue: Instead of a limit of how many transactions can be done it becomes a factor that controls how costly the alternatives are allowed to be at worst, and a factor in how often people need to depend on external (usually less secure) systems.
This is basically every project Blockstream is working on today.
Off chain transactions, reversible transactions, private improvements. Nothing intrinsically wrong with these things, but...
...and also because I think it's easier to fix if you've gone too small and need to increase it, vs gone too large and shut out the general public from the validation process and handed it over to large entities.
Problem with this is that Gregory Maxwell has no clue whether or not the market wants more throughput first, or more privacy and reversible transactions first.
Guess wrong, and people stop using Bitcoin and start using other alternatives. We can only tolerate so much of that before there is no more Bitcoin adoption.
All that said, I do cringe just a little at the over-simplification of the video... and worry a bit that in a couple years it will be clear that 2mb or 10mb or whatever is totally safe relative to all concerns— perhaps even mobile devices with tor could be full nodes with 10mb blocks on the internet of 2023, and by then there may be plenty of transaction volume to keep fees high enough to support security— and maybe some people will be dogmatically promoting a 1MB limit because they walked away from the video thinking that 1MB is a magic number rather than today's conservative trade-off. 200,000 - 500,000 transactions per day is a good start, indeed, but I'd certainly like to see Bitcoin doing more in the future.
No comment necessary.
But I suppose the community can work on educating people about that them with concrete demonstrations. Thing like bg002h's suggestion of a maxed out testnet would be interesting in establishing exactly what the scaling limits of current technology are.
This was done, and the results were ignored:
https://blog.conformal.com/btcsim-simulating-the-rise-of-bitcoin/
http://gavintech.blogspot.com/2015/01/twenty-megabytes-testing-results.html