Simplified Payment Verification
https://craigwright.net/blog/bitcoin-blockchain-tech/simplified-payment-verification/
Snippets:
“SPV or simplified payment verification is a critical aspect of scaling Bitcoin. I thought it was rather clear and obvious when I released the white paper, but it seems that people have overlooked or misunderstood all of the different aspects. The truth of the matter is, nobody realised how simple SPV could be.”
“By definition, ‘peer-to-peer’ refers to the direct exchange between individuals or other parties. As such, a consumer, Alice, who wishes to purchase goods from a merchant, Bob, would send a transaction directly to Bob. Bob can validate it and send it to the blockchain for clearing and settlement. The process is peer-to-peer.”
“Winston Churchill supported the reintroduction of the gold standard, although at a mispriced level, as it stopped the knaves in Parliament from altering values for political concerns. A distributed system enables a method that will stop such knaves seeking to alter the monetary supply yet not turn them into trusted third parties.”
“Users in the system are only required to maintain a copy of the block header to which they can compare transactions. At present, the block header is under 50 MB in size. Many image files can exceed such levels. A decade from now, the growth will only be linear.”
“A user could implement a Bayesian system to ensure that they had the longest chain. Rather than checking with one miner, they would query multiple random nodes. In doing so, it is possible to ensure very simply and without much bandwidth that they have the longest path.”
“[M]iners are geographically located and cannot easily move, making them subject to the provisions of law, where a dishonest miner would be liable to losses. (…) [T]he reason that the word honest is mentioned 15 times in the white paper is that it relates directly to acts such as the U.K.'s Fraud Act 2006.”
“I had written in an early draft of the white paper that transactions would only be vulnerable to reversal. It is so because Bitcoin is not designed to be a system that acts outside of the controls of law. It is a system that supports honest trading and allows the capture and sequestration of transactions that can be shown to be associated with criminal activity.”
“As governments, regulators, and law enforcement start to wake up and see the true design of Bitcoin, they will start to understand that it is a system that is friendly to law. It assists in the tracing of transactions, and provides a high level of privacy for the small cash like transfers whilst also being able to immutably record money laundering and crimes.”
“Note that Alice does not maintain merely her private keys in the system. She will save the Merkle path and the input transactions that she is seeking to use. Alice does not need to maintain access to the blockchain to be able to spend her money.”
“If Bob seeks to alter the transaction so that the change is not incorporated, the entire transaction will be invalid. The result is that Bob either submits the payment he has received from Alice to the blockchain for settlement, with the change to be paid to Alice, or he does not receive payment, in which case Alice does not need to worry about her change at all.”
“As the merchant, Bob sends the transactions to the blockchain, and not Alice; she has more privacy than if she sent it herself. (…) As Bob sends the transactions, and as he is likely to be a merchant with many transactions, his IP address is made public, not Alice's. (…) So, Alice reveals far less and can maintain her privacy in the world at large.
Chain analysis and recording IP addresses will not reveal Alice's exchange. Bob holds a record, but it is not public.”“Bitcoin can neither be peer-to-peer nor scale without the implementation of SPV.”
“Bitcoin can neither be peer-to-peer nor scale without the implementation of SPV.”
"I shall continue detailing the processes involved with SPV in following posts, and explain how Bitcoin can be scaled not to a few individuals but to millions of transactions a second."